Mixail Pakter, Vitaliy Bespalov, Valeriy Bratchun, Helen Samoylova, Aleksandr Stukalov
Thermo-Oxidative Aging of Bitumen, Modified by the Reactivity of the Oligomers, in a Thin Layer
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The paper deals with the change of penetration (ΔП25) and softening temperature (ΔТr) viscous bitumen modified Elvaloem AM in the presence of polyphosphoric acid PFC-105, with its thermal and oxidation (TO), aging (163 °С) in a thin film (when its thickness such δ < δкр at which the entire volume of film involved in the process). The connection of ΔП25 and ΔТr with a conversion of bitumen, calculated from the mass loss of modified bitumen in the process of thermal oxidation has been given. The comparison of changes ΔП25 and ΔТr for the original (unmodified) and modified bitumen has been carried out and it has been suggested the usage of the developed approach for the selection of terms and preparation of bitumen modification mode asphalt and polymer concrete mixture.
Keywords: road bitumen modified with reactive oligomers; thermo-oxidative aging of modified bitumen in a thin layer, Elvaloy AM, polyphosphoric acid.
Nickolay Sholukh, Alina Nad’iarna, Andrey Anisimov, Alla Borodina
The Dendrology Analysis of Territories of Socially Important City Facilities Regarding Convenience of Dimensional Orientation of Blind People: Composition and Planning and Ergonomic Aspects
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Article is devoted to the dendrology analysis of the territories of socially important objects of for the purpose of spatial orientation of blind people. On the reference examples the developed approaches and the directions in improvement and gardening of territories of residential quarters, higher educational institutions, and also some park and recreational zones of the city are considered by authors. Main objects of a research: the specialized residential quarter of blind people located in Kalininsky district of Donetsk; The Donbas national academy of civil engineering and architecture located in Chervonogvardeysky district of Makeyevka; and also interfacing and immediate territories of the Donetsk botanical garden which are located between the called cities. The attention is focused on difficulties and dangers of movement of blind people in territories of the considered types of objects. From the ergonomic point of view the expressed noise, aromatic and tactile and morphological performances at some widely used breeds of trees, bushes, and also city decorative and wild-growing flowers are considered. On the basis of results of theoretical researches and the made dendrology analysis it is concluded importance and expediency of involvement of some elements of gardening with the expressed useful characteristics as natural orientators on lines of the main routes of movement of blind people. Main principles and criteria of gardening and improvement of territories of the socially important town objects calculated on different categories of the population including visually impaired persons are formed. Scientific and practical recommendations and offers on identification and preservation of the existing gardening elements which can play a role of natural orientators for the specified categories of the population are made.
Keywords: persons with vision violations, safe touch analyzers, difficulties of spatial orientation, socially important objects, features of planning structure, dangerous sites of a way, the specification of elements of gardening and improvement, the dendrology analysis of territories, noise, aromatic and tactile morphologically qualities of natural orientators, the principles and criteria of gardening.
Timur Radionov
Reconstruction and Modernization of Buildings and Structures Within the Framework of the Concept of Innovative Development Urban Areas
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Research and design of the study show that to date, the architectural and town-planning sphere of activity is developing rapidly and at the same time needs a serious and major change, associated with the improvement of scientific and practical approaches that can make a contribution to the development of the methodology of an emerging field of activity. In the presented paper it has been investigated and substantiated the most important priorities associated with the patterns of reconstruction and modernization of buildings and structures that are involved in the development of urban areas. It has been determined conceptual approaches that meet the requirements of the current regulatory and legislative frameworks that apply to the objects involved in reconstructive activities. It has been represented the main phases to take account of the priority reconstruction and modernization of buildings and structures taking into account innovative approaches. It has been suggested recommendations, determining the nature of scientific research and practical solutions that affect a complex system transformation of cities through the concept of sustainable development of urban areas.
Keywords: regularities, reconstruction, modernization, development, innovative technologies, concept, architectural solutions, town planning organization, transformation.
Grittel Shevchenko, Dmitry Gura, Alexandra Pinchuk, Alina Serikova
The Technology of Geodetic Monitoring of Buildings under Construction and Structures
Kuban State Technological University
Abstract. The determination of the X, Y, H coordinates of the deformation marks should be carried out from the observation stations fixed on the terrain. However, the stability of such stations can not always be ensured due to the ongoing construction work on the construction site. Access to deformation marks can be difficult or limited. Also in most cases, the work should be carried out in the shortest possible time. For the reasons mentioned, this article considers the features of conducting geodetic monitoring to obtain information about the draft of the building. The method of pressure injector cementation of soils is also considered to prevent deformation of buildings and structures. A new method for conducting geodetic monitoring using an electronic total station is considered. A step-by-step description of the geodetic survey is given when observing precipitation and displacement of structures in conditions of not fixing observation points. A method for processing and balancing the measurement results to obtain three-dimensional coordinates of points is proposed. A program was developed for which the «Certificate of state registration of a computer program» No. 2015617205 was received.
Keywords: geodetic monitoring, method of pressure injected cementation of soils, deformation of buildings and structures, three-dimensional coordinates, marks.
Oleksandr Petrakov, Natalia Petrakova, Mark Panasiuk
Solving Non-Linear Problems of the Finite over Elements by Newton Method
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Given work suggests the new methods of solving non-linear problems of structural mechanics using the calculation model MFOE. These methods include: plastic state equations, based on hypotheses of the plastic flow theory, given in the closed analytical form, methods of solving non-linear equation system MFOE in the form of multi-steps Newton iterations. The results of approbation of engineering programme complex «PANAMA» on the example of soil mass calculation have been given. The variants of soil mass loading through absolutely flexible and absolutely rigid die have been considered. For absolutely rigid die loadings were done in the form of forced displacements. For absolutely flexible die variable loadings with full unloading and repeated loading have been applied. The comparison of settlements of absolutely flexible and absolutely rigid foundations has been carried out. The comparable results of calculations using EPC «PANAMA» and PC «Lira» have been represented.
Keywords: soil mass, the hypotheses of the plastic flow, settlements, loading path, flexible foundations.