A. A. Petrakov, A. V. Kukhar
Research of measures on buildings and structures protecting from karst display
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. In the article the research results of constructive methods of buildings and structures protection resulted from karst displays. The method of calculation is offered and the tensile-deformed state of constructive elements of building has been proposed. As measures on protecting of buildings and structures from karst displays are foundations of continuous slab and cross beams kind have been offered. By means of program complex LYRE calculation efforts and moving of the protected constructions of buildings and structures have been determined, getting in to the karst gap zone. The karst funnel of 3, 6 and 9 m diameter was investigated. The funnel disposition under foundations has been considered in the places of axes crossing under columns, in the corner of the building, in the center of the greater side of the investigated building and in the central part of building. It has been determined that the most unfavourable influence of karst gap is in the central part of building. The technical and economic comparison of investigated constructive measures is offered. While protecting of framework few storey building from the karst influence by means of foundations setting as cross beams is more economical in comparison with this building protection by foundations arrangement as the continuous slab.
Keywords: karst, funnel, building, foundation, deformation.
N. V. Sholukh, V. S. Gavrikov
About adaptation of the road-street areas of the town to the specific needs of little mobile groups of people
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article is devoted to the adaptation problem of the road-street areas of the town to the specific needs of little mobile groups of people. The authors research the history of organization and the contemporary state of the Donetsk road-street network, its convenience degree and safety for disabled people belonging to the certain medical categories: the blind and with poor sight, as well as people with support impelled apparatus disorder compelled, to move on wheelchairs or with the help of crutches. Some architectural and sociological resureh results are given here, devoted to exposing of the main movement difficulties of little mobile groups of people in the town. Based on above research one can make a conclusion that it is a multifaceted problem and it’s reasonable using in the further methodology of the system approach.
Keywords: a road-street town network, support impelled groups of people, sensorial and movement disorders, specific needs, adaptation, convenience and safety of movement.
V. F. Muschanov, A. I. Demidov
Calculation of the three-layer plate, lying on the vinkler’s base by a variation-heterogeneous method
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article is devoted to variational and heterogeneous application method of calculation of the rectangular three-layer plates on the resilient base taking into account the displacement between its layers on the ground of variational equation. Lagrange the linear dependence is assumed between bending and rebuff of the resilient basement on Vinkler. While recording of Lagrange the variational equation of the connection between tensions and deformations is represented in form of the Hook’s law, but taking into account the displasement between the layers of the plate. Geometrical equations are accepted in the linear in setting the form Koshy correlations. The material of each layer of the plate has the different modules of resiliency of Еі (i = 1, 2, 3), but similar coefficient of Puasson. Kinematic boundary conditions are satisfied exactly, but static – on the free from fixing of the plate edge approximately. Two examples of calculation of the three-layer plate are considered. The first example is the rectangular scale-board, hardly jammed along the whole contour. The example is the plate calculation fixed with the hinges along the contour and loosened with the rectangular opening, edges of which are free from fixing. Both plates are under the normal distributed loading. Solving tasks similarity is checked up by means of condensing of the net. The fields of bending of ware represented, bending moments of Мх, and profiles of normal tensions σx on the thickness of the plate in the most loaded sections. Work is devoted to the actual question of structural mechanics of the three-layer plates, lying on the continuous resilient base loosened with large cuts.
Keywords: the rectangular three-layer plate with the opening, variantion and heterogeneous method, various operator.
D. V. Belov, A. M. Yugov
The method of erection of monolithic long3span domes constructions
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The main reasons, hampering the erection, of monolithic reinforced-concrete dome constructions by the traditional timbering systems. Advantages of dome constructions in the sphere of energy-saving and economy of building materials while erection before traditional decisions. On principle the new timbering which allows to solve some technical difficulties while erection of reinforced-concrete domes has been offered. In detail was shown the timbering arrangement and the principle of its operation is rotined on the different stages using, erection technology of monolithic domes was described by means of this system. The universality, high technology and basic advantages of the lifting timbering, over pneumatic one.
Keywords: monolithic dome, lifting planking, centre, concreting.
S. G. Guziy, P. V. Kryvenko
The geocement compositions intended for anticorrosive protection of chimneys
V. D. Glukhosky Scientific Research Institute for Binders and Materials Kiev National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. It is shown, that geocements and compositions using on their basis for anticorrosive protection of chimneys surfaces ecologically and economically expediently in comparison with protective compositions on the basis of other binding substances. Protective properties are provided at the expense of the directed formation in the structure of compositions structure of zeolite new formation type faujasite, mordenite both hydromicas of pyrophyllite type and special fillers using. The suggested structures of compositions are effective, technological and lasting, capable to keep anticorrosive properties during 5-7 years and to reduce time to some orders allocated for repair and reestablishing chimneys operation.
Key words: geocement, anticorrosive compositions, additives-modifiers, acid proof fillers, chimneys.
Ye. V. Gorokhov, Ya. V. Nazim, V. M.Vasylev, O. O. Leshchenko, I. M. Garanzha
Ways of increasing overhead power transmission line reliability regarding the coordination of component strength in the areas with a higher ice and wind loads
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article is devoted to the problem of electric power supply reliability in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea because of a chain of failures at the trunk overhead power transmission lines during the autumn-winter period in 2009-2010. There was carried out a comparative analysis of the overhead power transmission line inactions in the Crimean electrical power system during period of exploitation and similar reasons of the failures were revealed. The authors noticed the most important aspects of the overhead power transmission line design and operation under an uninterrupted power interchange «Ukraine-Crimea», namely, a correct determination of climatic loads on the components of the overhead power transmission lines regarding the latest changes of the normative basis in the sphere of climatic provision of the electrical supply network; improvement of the design methods and constructive decisions for coupling accessories for high-tension transmission lines regarding the reasons and character of its failure because of accidents; and the development of the «anti-damage» constructional forms of every type of towers taking into account the requirements of an inadmissible development of cascading failures and the use of new methods of manufacturing metalware.
Key words: overhead power transmission lines (OPTL), climatic loads, wire galloping, line coupling accessories, emergency situations, reliability improvement.